Refactor: Significant speed-up for ManaOptions (#9233)

Mage.Server.Plugins/Mage.Player.AI/src/main/java/mage/player/ai/ComputerPlayer.java

@@ -1536,7 +1536,7 @@ public class ComputerPlayer extends PlayerImpl implements Player {
                     if (!unpaid.getMana().includesMana(mana)) {
                         continue ManaAbility;
                     }
-                    colored += mana.countColored();
+                    colored += CardUtil.overflowInc(colored, mana.countColored());
                 }
                 if (colored > 1 && (cost instanceof ColoredManaCost)) {
                     for (Mana netMana : manaAbility.getNetMana(game)) {
@@ -1773,7 +1773,7 @@ public class ComputerPlayer extends PlayerImpl implements Player {
                             a2Max = netMana.count();
                         }
                     }
-                    return a2Max - a1Max;
+                    return CardUtil.overflowDec(a2Max, a1Max);
                 }
             });
         }

Mage.Sets/src/mage/cards/c/CavernOfSouls.java

@@ -84,6 +84,20 @@ class CavernOfSoulsManaBuilder extends ConditionalManaBuilder {
     public String getRule() {
         return "Spend this mana only to cast a creature spell of the chosen type, and that spell can't be countered";
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(super.hashCode(), this.creatureType);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+        if (!super.equals(obj)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return this.creatureType == ((CavernOfSoulsManaBuilder) obj).creatureType;
+    }
 }
 
 class CavernOfSoulsConditionalMana extends ConditionalMana {

Mage.Sets/src/mage/cards/k/KolvoriGodOfKinship.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package mage.cards.k;
 
+import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.UUID;
 
 import mage.ConditionalMana;
@@ -125,6 +126,20 @@ class TheRinghartCrestManaBuilder extends ConditionalManaBuilder {
     public String getRule() {
         return "Spend this mana only to cast a creature spell of the chosen type or a legendary creature spell";
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(super.hashCode(), this.creatureType);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+        if (!super.equals(obj)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return this.creatureType == ((TheRinghartCrestManaBuilder) obj).creatureType;
+    }
 }
 
 class TheRinghartCrestConditionalMana extends ConditionalMana {

Mage.Sets/src/mage/cards/p/PillarOfOrigins.java

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 
 package mage.cards.p;
 
+import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.UUID;
 import mage.ConditionalMana;
 import mage.MageObject;
@@ -72,6 +73,21 @@ class PillarOfOriginsManaBuilder extends ConditionalManaBuilder {
     public String getRule() {
         return "Spend this mana only to cast a creature spell of the chosen type";
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(super.hashCode(), this.creatureType);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+        if (!super.equals(obj)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return this.creatureType == ((PillarOfOriginsManaBuilder) obj).creatureType;
+    }
+
 }
 
 class PillarOfOriginsConditionalMana extends ConditionalMana {

Mage.Sets/src/mage/cards/s/SecludedCourtyard.java

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
  */
 package mage.cards.s;
 
+import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.UUID;
 import mage.ConditionalMana;
 import mage.MageObject;
@@ -83,12 +84,24 @@ class SecludedCourtyardManaBuilder extends ConditionalManaBuilder {
     public String getRule() {
         return "Spend this mana only to cast a creature spell of the chosen type or activate an ability of a creature or creature card of the chosen type";
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(super.hashCode(), this.creatureType);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+        if (!super.equals(obj)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return this.creatureType == ((SecludedCourtyardManaBuilder) obj).creatureType;
+    }
 }
 
 class SecludedCourtyardConditionalMana extends ConditionalMana {
 
-    SubType creatureType;
-
     public SecludedCourtyardConditionalMana(Mana mana, SubType creatureType) {
         super(mana);
         staticText = "Spend this mana only to cast a creature spell of the chosen type or activate an ability of a creature or creature card of the chosen type";

Mage.Sets/src/mage/cards/s/SquanderedResources.java

@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 package mage.cards.s;
 
-import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.*;
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.Set;
-import java.util.UUID;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 import mage.Mana;
 import mage.abilities.Ability;
@@ -82,8 +79,8 @@ class SquanderedResourcesEffect extends ManaEffect {
                 }
                 allPossibleMana.addMana(currentPossibleMana);
             }
-            allPossibleMana.removeDuplicated();
+            allPossibleMana.removeFullyIncludedVariations();
-            return allPossibleMana.stream().collect(Collectors.toList());
+            return new ArrayList<>(allPossibleMana);
         }
         return ManaType.getManaListFromManaTypes(getManaTypesFromSacrificedPermanent(game, source), false);
     }

Mage.Sets/src/mage/cards/u/UnclaimedTerritory.java

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 
 package mage.cards.u;
 
+import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.UUID;
 import mage.ConditionalMana;
 import mage.MageObject;
@@ -79,6 +80,20 @@ class UnclaimedTerritoryManaBuilder extends ConditionalManaBuilder {
     public String getRule() {
         return "Spend this mana only to cast a creature spell of the chosen type";
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(super.hashCode(), this.creatureType);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+        if (!super.equals(obj)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return this.creatureType == ((UnclaimedTerritoryManaBuilder) obj).creatureType;
+    }
 }
 
 class UnclaimedTerritoryConditionalMana extends ConditionalMana {

Mage.Tests/src/test/java/org/mage/test/cards/abilities/keywords/BestowTest.java

@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ public class BestowTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         assertPermanentCount(playerB, "Song of the Dryads", 1);
 
         ManaOptions options = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        Assert.assertEquals("Player should be able to create 1 green mana", "{G}", options.get(0).toString());
+        Assert.assertEquals("Player should be able to create 1 green mana", "{G}", options.getAtIndex(0).toString());
 
         assertPermanentCount(playerA, "Nighthowler", 1);
         assertPowerToughness(playerA, "Nighthowler", 2, 2);

Mage.Tests/src/test/java/org/mage/test/cards/flip/SasayaOrochiAscendantTest.java

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import org.junit.Assert;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.mage.test.serverside.base.CardTestPlayerBase;
 
-import static org.mage.test.utils.ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertDuplicatedManaOptions;
 import static org.mage.test.utils.ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertManaOptions;
 
 /**
@@ -45,7 +44,6 @@ public class SasayaOrochiAscendantTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         assertManaPool(playerA, ManaType.GREEN, 2);
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 1, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{G}{G}{G}{G}{G}", manaOptions);
@@ -81,7 +79,6 @@ public class SasayaOrochiAscendantTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         assertLife(playerA, 18);
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 3, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{C}{C}{C}{G}{G}", manaOptions);
@@ -121,7 +118,6 @@ public class SasayaOrochiAscendantTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         assertLife(playerA, 20);
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 4, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{R}{R}{R}{R}{G}{G}{G}{G}{G}", manaOptions);

Mage.Tests/src/test/java/org/mage/test/cards/mana/HarvesterDruidTest.java

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import org.junit.Assert;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.mage.test.serverside.base.CardTestPlayerBase;
 
-import static org.mage.test.utils.ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertDuplicatedManaOptions;
 import static org.mage.test.utils.ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertManaOptions;
 
 /**
@@ -27,7 +26,6 @@ public class HarvesterDruidTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions options = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(options);
         Assert.assertEquals(2, options.size());
         assertManaOptions("{U}{R}{R}", options);
         assertManaOptions("{U}{U}{R}", options);
@@ -45,7 +43,6 @@ public class HarvesterDruidTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions options = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(options);
         Assert.assertEquals(3, options.size());
         assertManaOptions("{U}{R}{R}{R}", options);
         assertManaOptions("{U}{U}{R}{R}", options);

Mage.Tests/src/test/java/org/mage/test/cards/mana/NagaVitalistTest.java

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import org.junit.Assert;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.mage.test.serverside.base.CardTestPlayerBase;
 
-import static org.mage.test.utils.ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertDuplicatedManaOptions;
 import static org.mage.test.utils.ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertManaOptions;
 
 /**
@@ -50,9 +49,7 @@ public class NagaVitalistTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
+        Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 1, manaOptions.size());
-        Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 2, manaOptions.size());
-        assertManaOptions("{B}", manaOptions);
         assertManaOptions("{Any}{Any}", manaOptions);
     }
 

Mage.Tests/src/test/java/org/mage/test/cards/mana/ReflectingPoolTest.java

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public class ReflectingPoolTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions options = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        Assert.assertEquals("Player should be able to create 2 red mana", "{R}{R}", options.get(0).toString());
+        Assert.assertEquals("Player should be able to create 2 red mana", "{R}{R}", options.getAtIndex(0).toString());
 
     }
 
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ public class ReflectingPoolTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions options = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        Assert.assertEquals("Player should be able to create 3 red mana", "{R}{R}{R}", options.get(0).toString());
+        Assert.assertEquals("Player should be able to create 3 red mana", "{R}{R}{R}", options.getAtIndex(0).toString());
 
     }
 
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ public class ReflectingPoolTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions options = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        Assert.assertEquals("Player should be able to create 3 red mana", "{R}{R}{R}", options.get(0).toString());
+        Assert.assertEquals("Player should be able to create 3 red mana", "{R}{R}{R}", options.getAtIndex(0).toString());
 
     }
 
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ public class ReflectingPoolTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions options = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        Assert.assertEquals("Player should be able to create 2 red mana", "{G}{G}", options.get(0).toString());
+        Assert.assertEquals("Player should be able to create 2 green mana", "{G}{G}", options.getAtIndex(0).toString());
 
     }
 

Mage.Tests/src/test/java/org/mage/test/cards/mana/SylvokExplorerTest.java

@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ public class SylvokExplorerTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions options = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        Assert.assertEquals("Player should be able to create 1 red and 1 white mana", "{R}{W}", options.get(0).toString());
+        Assert.assertEquals("Player should be able to create 1 red and 1 white mana", "{R}{W}", options.getAtIndex(0).toString());
-        Assert.assertEquals("Player should be able to create 1 blue and 1 white mana", "{W}{U}", options.get(1).toString());
+        Assert.assertEquals("Player should be able to create 1 blue and 1 white mana", "{W}{U}", options.getAtIndex(1).toString());
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -45,6 +45,6 @@ public class SylvokExplorerTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions options = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        Assert.assertEquals("Player should be able to create 3 white mana", "{W}{W}{W}", options.get(0).toString());
+        Assert.assertEquals("Player should be able to create 3 white mana", "{W}{W}{W}", options.getAtIndex(0).toString());
     }
 }

Mage.Tests/src/test/java/org/mage/test/cards/mana/conditional/ConditionalManaTest.java

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 package org.mage.test.cards.mana.conditional;
 
+import mage.ConditionalMana;
+import mage.Mana;
+import mage.abilities.condition.common.AdamantCondition;
 import mage.abilities.keyword.FlyingAbility;
 import mage.abilities.mana.ManaOptions;
 import mage.constants.PhaseStep;
@@ -9,7 +12,6 @@ import org.junit.Assert;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.mage.test.serverside.base.CardTestPlayerBase;
 
-import static org.mage.test.utils.ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertDuplicatedManaOptions;
 import static org.mage.test.utils.ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertManaOptions;
 
 /**
@@ -330,7 +332,6 @@ public class ConditionalManaTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 1, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{R}{R}", manaOptions);
     }
@@ -386,4 +387,34 @@ public class ConditionalManaTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         assertManaOptions("{C}{C}{C}{C}{C}{C}{R}[{RosheenMeandererManaCondition}{TitansNestManaCondition}]", manaOptions);        
     }
 
+    @Test
+    public void testConditionalManaDeduplication() {
+        ManaOptions manaOptions = new ManaOptions();
+
+        ConditionalMana originalMana = new ConditionalMana(Mana.GreenMana(1));
+
+        ConditionalMana mana2 = originalMana.copy();
+        mana2.addCondition(AdamantCondition.WHITE);
+
+        ConditionalMana mana3 = originalMana.copy();
+        mana3.addCondition(AdamantCondition.BLUE);
+        ConditionalMana mana3Copy = originalMana.copy();
+        mana3Copy.addCondition(AdamantCondition.BLUE);
+        mana3Copy.add(Mana.GreenMana(1));
+
+        ConditionalMana mana4 = originalMana.copy();
+        mana4.addCondition(AdamantCondition.BLACK);
+        ConditionalMana mana4Copy = originalMana.copy();
+        mana4Copy.addCondition(AdamantCondition.BLACK);
+
+        manaOptions.add(originalMana);
+        manaOptions.add(mana2);
+        manaOptions.add(mana3);
+        manaOptions.add(mana3Copy); // Added, and should remain since different amount of Green mana
+        manaOptions.add(mana4);
+        manaOptions.add(mana4Copy); // Adding it to make sure it gets removed
+
+        Assert.assertEquals("Incorrect number of mana", 5, manaOptions.size());
+    }
+
 }

Mage.Tests/src/test/java/org/mage/test/cards/replacement/ManaReflectionTest.java

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import org.junit.Assert;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.mage.test.serverside.base.CardTestPlayerBase;
 
-import static org.mage.test.utils.ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertDuplicatedManaOptions;
 import static org.mage.test.utils.ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertManaOptions;
 
 public class ManaReflectionTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
@@ -72,7 +71,6 @@ public class ManaReflectionTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 4, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{R}{R}{R}{R}{R}{R}{G}{G}", manaOptions);

Mage.Tests/src/test/java/org/mage/test/commander/piper/ThePrismaticPiperTest2.java

@@ -7,8 +7,6 @@ import org.junit.Assert;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.mage.test.utils.ManaOptionsTestUtils;
 
-import static org.mage.test.utils.ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertDuplicatedManaOptions;
-
 /**
  * @author TheElk801
  */
@@ -44,7 +42,7 @@ public class ThePrismaticPiperTest2 extends ThePrismaticPiperBaseTest {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
+
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 2, manaOptions.size());
         ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertManaOptions("{U}", manaOptions);
         ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertManaOptions("{R}", manaOptions);

Mage.Tests/src/test/java/org/mage/test/commander/piper/ThePrismaticPiperTest7.java

@@ -13,8 +13,6 @@ import org.mage.test.utils.ManaOptionsTestUtils;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 
-import static org.mage.test.utils.ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertDuplicatedManaOptions;
-
 /**
  * @author TheElk801
  */
@@ -54,7 +52,7 @@ public class ThePrismaticPiperTest7 extends ThePrismaticPiperBaseTest {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
+
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 2, manaOptions.size());
         ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertManaOptions("{R}", manaOptions);
         ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertManaOptions("{G}", manaOptions);

Mage.Tests/src/test/java/org/mage/test/commander/piper/ThePrismaticPiperTest8.java

@@ -7,8 +7,6 @@ import org.junit.Assert;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.mage.test.utils.ManaOptionsTestUtils;
 
-import static org.mage.test.utils.ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertDuplicatedManaOptions;
-
 /**
  * @author TheElk801
  */
@@ -50,7 +48,7 @@ public class ThePrismaticPiperTest8 extends ThePrismaticPiperBaseTest {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
+
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 3, manaOptions.size());
         ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertManaOptions("{U}", manaOptions);
         ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertManaOptions("{R}", manaOptions);

Mage.Tests/src/test/java/org/mage/test/utils/ManaOptionsTest.java

@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@ import mage.constants.PhaseStep;
 import mage.constants.Zone;
 import mage.counters.CounterType;
 import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.Ignore;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.mage.test.serverside.base.CardTestPlayerBase;
 
-import static org.mage.test.utils.ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertDuplicatedManaOptions;
 import static org.mage.test.utils.ManaOptionsTestUtils.assertManaOptions;
 
 /**
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 1, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{G}{G}{G}", manaOptions);
@@ -45,7 +44,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 4, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{G}{G}{G}", manaOptions);
@@ -66,7 +64,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 10, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{C}{C}{C}", manaOptions);
@@ -92,7 +89,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 1, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{Any}{Any}", manaOptions);
@@ -110,7 +106,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 1, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{W}{W}{Any}{Any}", manaOptions);
@@ -129,7 +124,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 1, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{C}{G}{G}{W}{W}", manaOptions);
@@ -148,7 +142,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 2, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{C}{G}{G}{G}{W}{W}", manaOptions);
@@ -169,7 +162,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 3, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{C}{G}{G}{G}", manaOptions);
@@ -188,7 +180,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 3, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{C}{G}{G}{G}", manaOptions);
@@ -206,7 +197,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 1, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{C}{G}{Any}", manaOptions);
@@ -225,7 +215,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 2, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{C}{G}{G}{G}", manaOptions);
@@ -249,7 +238,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 1, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{C}{G}{G}{G}", manaOptions);
@@ -267,7 +255,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 3, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{G}{W}{W}", manaOptions);
@@ -296,7 +283,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 6, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{C}{G}{G}{G}", manaOptions);
@@ -316,7 +302,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -328,7 +313,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -357,7 +341,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 3, manaOptions.size());
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
         assertManaOptions("{C}{C}", manaOptions);
         assertManaOptions("{Any}{Any}", manaOptions);
         assertManaOptions("{C}{Any}", manaOptions);
@@ -374,7 +357,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 4, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{C}{W}", manaOptions);
@@ -396,9 +378,8 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
-        Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 1, manaOptions.size());
+        Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 1, manaOptions.size()); // TODO: Why one, should there be {B} and {B}{U}?
         assertManaOptions("{W}{B}", manaOptions);
     }
 
@@ -412,7 +393,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 2, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{W}{B}{B}", manaOptions);
@@ -432,7 +412,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 1, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{C}{W}{B}", manaOptions);
@@ -452,7 +431,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 1, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{C}{C}{C}{C}{W}{B}", manaOptions);
@@ -470,7 +448,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 1, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{B}{B}", manaOptions);
@@ -489,7 +466,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 1, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{C}", manaOptions);
@@ -508,7 +484,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 1, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{C}{C}", manaOptions);
@@ -529,7 +504,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 16, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{C}{C}{C}{C}{W}{W}{W}", manaOptions);
@@ -561,7 +535,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 2, manaOptions.size());
 
@@ -582,7 +555,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 88, manaOptions.size());
 
@@ -603,7 +575,6 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         execute();
 
         ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
-        assertDuplicatedManaOptions(manaOptions);
 
         Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't fit", 4, manaOptions.size());
         assertManaOptions("{U}{U}", manaOptions);
@@ -612,4 +583,47 @@ public class ManaOptionsTest extends CardTestPlayerBase {
         assertManaOptions("{G}{W}{W}", manaOptions);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * This is a stress test for the implementation of ManaUtils.
+     * Based on the bug from: https://github.com/magefree/mage/issues/7710
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testCascadingCataracts() {
+        addCard(Zone.BATTLEFIELD, playerA, "Plains", 5);
+        addCard(Zone.BATTLEFIELD, playerA, "Island", 5);
+        addCard(Zone.BATTLEFIELD, playerA, "Swamp", 5);
+        addCard(Zone.BATTLEFIELD, playerA, "Mountain", 5);
+        addCard(Zone.BATTLEFIELD, playerA, "Forest", 5);
+        addCard(Zone.BATTLEFIELD, playerA, "Desert", 5);
+        addCard(Zone.BATTLEFIELD, playerA, "Cascading Cataracts", 3);
+
+        setStopAt(1, PhaseStep.END_TURN);
+        execute();
+
+        ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
+        // The size below is based on no optimization to remove any mana possibilities beyond exact duplicates.
+        Assert.assertEquals("mana variations don't match", 6902, manaOptions.size());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Similar to above, except without a hardcoded expected result, and used to check scaling.
+     * Leave the @Ignore added when pushing commits.
+     */
+    @Test
+    @Ignore
+    public void testCascadingCataractsN() {
+        int n = 5;
+        addCard(Zone.BATTLEFIELD, playerA, "Plains", n);
+        addCard(Zone.BATTLEFIELD, playerA, "Island", n);
+        addCard(Zone.BATTLEFIELD, playerA, "Swamp", n);
+        addCard(Zone.BATTLEFIELD, playerA, "Mountain", n);
+        addCard(Zone.BATTLEFIELD, playerA, "Forest", n);
+        addCard(Zone.BATTLEFIELD, playerA, "Desert", n);
+        addCard(Zone.BATTLEFIELD, playerA, "Cascading Cataracts", n);
+
+        setStopAt(1, PhaseStep.END_TURN);
+        execute();
+
+        ManaOptions manaOptions = playerA.getAvailableManaTest(currentGame);
+    }
 }

Mage.Tests/src/test/java/org/mage/test/utils/ManaOptionsTestUtils.java

@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
 package org.mage.test.utils;
 
 import mage.Mana;
+import mage.abilities.costs.mana.ManaCost;
+import mage.abilities.costs.mana.ManaCosts;
+import mage.abilities.costs.mana.ManaCostsImpl;
 import mage.abilities.mana.ManaOptions;
+import mage.util.ManaUtil;
 import org.junit.Assert;
 
 import java.util.HashSet;
@@ -19,8 +23,8 @@ public class ManaOptionsTestUtils {
     //mana info
     //logger.info(playerA.getManaPool().getMana().toString());
     //logger.info(playerA.getManaAvailable(currentGame).toString());
-    public static boolean manaOptionsContain(ManaOptions list, String searchMana) {
+    public static boolean manaOptionsContain(String searchMana, ManaOptions manaOptions) {
-        for (Mana mana : list) {
+        for (Mana mana : manaOptions) {
             if (mana instanceof ConditionalMana) {
                 if ((mana.toString() + ((ConditionalMana)mana).getConditionString()).equals(searchMana)) {
                     return true;
@@ -34,21 +38,9 @@ public class ManaOptionsTestUtils {
         return false;
     }
 
-    public static void assertManaOptions(String searchMana, ManaOptions manaList) {
+    public static void assertManaOptions(String searchMana, ManaOptions manaOptions) {
-        if (!manaOptionsContain(manaList, searchMana)) {
+        if (!manaOptionsContain(searchMana, manaOptions)) {
-            Assert.fail("Can't find " + searchMana + " in " + manaList.toString());
+            Assert.fail("Can't find " + searchMana + " in " + manaOptions.toString());
-        }
-    }
-
-    public static void assertDuplicatedManaOptions(ManaOptions manaList) {
-        Set<String> list = new HashSet<>();
-        for (Mana mana : manaList) {
-            String s = mana.toString();
-            if (list.contains(s)) {
-                Assert.fail("Found duplicated mana option " + s + " in " + manaList.toString());
-            } else {
-                list.add(s);
-            }
         }
     }
 }

Mage/src/main/java/mage/ConditionalMana.java

@@ -12,9 +12,12 @@ import mage.game.Game;
 import java.io.Serializable;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.UUID;
 
 /**
+ * If subclassing and adding extra field, you must be sure to override equals() and hashCode to include the new fields.
+ *
  * @author nantuko
  */
 public class ConditionalMana extends Mana implements Serializable, Emptiable {
@@ -188,11 +191,17 @@ public class ConditionalMana extends Mana implements Serializable, Emptiable {
     }
 
     public String getConditionString() {
-        String condStr = "[";
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+
+        sb.append('[');
         for (Condition condition : conditions) {
-            condStr += condition.getManaText();
+            sb.append('{');
+            sb.append(condition.getManaText());
+            sb.append('}');
         }
-        return condStr + "]";
+        sb.append(']');
+
+        return sb.toString();
     }
 
     public void add(ManaType manaType, int amount) {
@@ -220,4 +229,42 @@ public class ConditionalMana extends Mana implements Serializable, Emptiable {
                 break;
         }
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(super.hashCode(), conditions, staticText, scope, manaProducerId, manaProducerOriginalId);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object o) {
+        // Check Mana.equals(). If that's isn't equal no need to check further.
+        if (!super.equals(o)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        ConditionalMana that = (ConditionalMana) o;
+
+        if (!Objects.equals(this.staticText, that.staticText)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (!Objects.equals(this.manaProducerId, that.manaProducerId)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (!Objects.equals(this.manaProducerOriginalId, that.manaProducerOriginalId)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (!Objects.equals(this.scope, that.scope)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (this.conditions == null || that.conditions == null
+                || this.conditions.size() != that.conditions.size()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < this.conditions.size(); i++) {
+            if (!(Objects.equals(this.conditions.get(i), that.conditions.get(i)))) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
 }

Mage/src/main/java/mage/Mana.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package mage;
 
+import mage.abilities.condition.Condition;
 import mage.constants.ColoredManaSymbol;
 import mage.constants.ManaType;
 import mage.filter.FilterMana;
@@ -8,10 +9,8 @@ import mage.util.Copyable;
 import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
 
 import java.io.Serializable;
-import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.*;
-import java.util.LinkedList;
+import java.util.function.BiFunction;
-import java.util.Map;
-import java.util.Objects;
 
 /**
  * WARNING, all mana operations must use overflow check, see usage of CardUtil.addWithOverflowCheck and same methods
@@ -320,32 +319,51 @@ public class Mana implements Comparable<Mana>, Serializable, Copyable<Mana> {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Increases the given mana by one.
+     * Increases this mana by one of the passed in ManaType.
      *
      * @param manaType the type of mana to increase by one.
      */
     public void increase(ManaType manaType) {
+        increaseOrDecrease(manaType, true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Decreases this mana by onw of the passed in ManaType.
+     *
+     * @param manaType the type of mana to increase by one.
+     */
+    public void decrease(ManaType manaType) {
+        increaseOrDecrease(manaType, false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Helper function for increase and decrease to not have the code duplicated.
+     * @param manaType
+     * @param increase
+     */
+    private void increaseOrDecrease(ManaType manaType, boolean increase) {
+        BiFunction<Integer, Integer, Integer> overflowIncOrDec = increase ? CardUtil::overflowInc : CardUtil::overflowDec;
         switch (manaType) {
             case WHITE:
-                white = CardUtil.overflowInc(white, 1);
+                white = overflowIncOrDec.apply(white, 1);
                 break;
             case BLUE:
-                blue = CardUtil.overflowInc(blue, 1);
+                blue = overflowIncOrDec.apply(blue, 1);
                 break;
             case BLACK:
-                black = CardUtil.overflowInc(black, 1);
+                black = overflowIncOrDec.apply(black, 1);
                 break;
             case RED:
-                red = CardUtil.overflowInc(red, 1);
+                red = overflowIncOrDec.apply(red, 1);
                 break;
             case GREEN:
-                green = CardUtil.overflowInc(green, 1);
+                green = overflowIncOrDec.apply(green, 1);
                 break;
             case COLORLESS:
-                colorless = CardUtil.overflowInc(colorless, 1);
+                colorless = overflowIncOrDec.apply(colorless, 1);
                 break;
             case GENERIC:
-                generic = CardUtil.overflowInc(generic, 1);
+                generic = overflowIncOrDec.apply(generic, 1);
                 break;
         }
     }
@@ -399,6 +417,13 @@ public class Mana implements Comparable<Mana>, Serializable, Copyable<Mana> {
         colorless = CardUtil.overflowInc(colorless, 1);
     }
 
+    public void increaseAny() {
+        any = CardUtil.overflowInc(any, 1);
+    }
+    public void decreaseAny() {
+        any = CardUtil.overflowDec(any, 1);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Subtracts the passed in mana values from this instance.
      *
@@ -477,14 +502,11 @@ public class Mana implements Comparable<Mana>, Serializable, Copyable<Mana> {
      * @return the total count of all combined mana.
      */
     public int count() {
-        return white
+        int sum = countColored();
-                + blue
+        sum = CardUtil.overflowInc(sum, generic);
-                + black
+        sum = CardUtil.overflowInc(sum, colorless);
-                + red
+
-                + green
+        return sum;
-                + generic
-                + colorless
-                + any;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -493,12 +515,13 @@ public class Mana implements Comparable<Mana>, Serializable, Copyable<Mana> {
      * @return the total count of all colored mana.
      */
     public int countColored() {
-        return white
+        int sum = CardUtil.overflowInc(white, blue);
-                + blue
+        sum = CardUtil.overflowInc(sum, black);
-                + black
+        sum = CardUtil.overflowInc(sum, red);
-                + red
+        sum = CardUtil.overflowInc(sum, green);
-                + green
+        sum = CardUtil.overflowInc(sum, any);
-                + any;
+
+        return sum;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1103,7 +1126,7 @@ public class Mana implements Comparable<Mana>, Serializable, Copyable<Mana> {
             case GREEN:
                 return green;
             case COLORLESS:
-                return CardUtil.overflowInc(generic, colorless);
+                return CardUtil.overflowInc(generic, colorless); // TODO: This seems like a mistake
         }
         return 0;
     }
@@ -1206,77 +1229,114 @@ public class Mana implements Comparable<Mana>, Serializable, Copyable<Mana> {
 
     }
 
+    public boolean isMoreValuableThan(Mana that) {
+        // Use of == is intentional since getMoreValuableMana returns one of its inputs.
+        return this == Mana.getMoreValuableMana(this, that);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Returns the mana that is more colored or has a greater amount but does
-     * not contain one less mana in any color but generic.
+     * not contain one less mana in any type but generic.
+     * <p>
+     * See tests ManaTest.moreValuableManaTest for several examples
      *
      * Examples:
+     *      {1}       and {R}       -> {R}
+     *      {2}       and {1}{W}    -> {1}{W}
+     *      {3}       and {1}{W}    -> {1}{W}
      *      {1}{W}{R} and {G}{W}{R} -> {G}{W}{R}
-     *      {G}{W}{R} and {G}{W}{R} -> {G}{W}{R}
+     *      {G}{W}{R} and {G}{W}{R} -> null
      *      {G}{W}{B} and {G}{W}{R} -> null
+     *      {C}       and {ANY}     -> null
      *
      * @param mana1     The 1st mana to compare.
      * @param mana2     The 2nd mana to compare.
-     * @return          The greater of the two manas, or null if they're the same
+     * @return          The greater of the two manas, or null if they're the same OR they cannot be compared
      */
     public static Mana getMoreValuableMana(final Mana mana1, final Mana mana2) {
-        String conditionString1 = "";
+        if (mana1.equals(mana2)) {
-        String conditionString2 = "";
-        if (mana1 instanceof ConditionalMana) {
-            conditionString1 = ((ConditionalMana) mana1).getConditionString();
-        }
-        if (mana2 instanceof ConditionalMana) {
-            conditionString2 = ((ConditionalMana) mana2).getConditionString();
-        }
-        if (!conditionString1.equals(conditionString2)) {
             return null;
         }
+
+        boolean mana1IsConditional = mana1 instanceof ConditionalMana;
+        boolean mana2IsConditional = mana2 instanceof ConditionalMana;
+        if (mana1IsConditional != mana2IsConditional) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if (mana1IsConditional) {
+            List<Condition> conditions1 = ((ConditionalMana) mana1).getConditions();
+            List<Condition> conditions2 = ((ConditionalMana) mana2).getConditions();
+            if (!Objects.equals(conditions1, conditions2)) {
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Set one mana as moreMana and one as lessMana.
         Mana moreMana;
         Mana lessMana;
-        if (mana2.countColored() > mana1.countColored() || mana2.getAny() > mana1.getAny() || mana2.count() > mana1.count()) {
+        if (mana2.any > mana1.any
+                || mana2.colorless > mana1.colorless
+                || mana2.countColored() > mana1.countColored()
+                || (mana2.countColored() == mana1.countColored()
+                        && mana2.colorless == mana1.colorless
+                        && mana2.count() > mana1.count())) {
             moreMana = mana2;
             lessMana = mana1;
         } else {
             moreMana = mana1;
             lessMana = mana2;
         }
-        int anyDiff = CardUtil.overflowDec(mana2.getAny(), mana1.getAny());
+
-        if (lessMana.getWhite() > moreMana.getWhite()) {
+        if (lessMana.any > moreMana.any) {
-            anyDiff = CardUtil.overflowDec(anyDiff, CardUtil.overflowDec(lessMana.getWhite(), moreMana.getWhite()));
-            if (anyDiff < 0) {
             return null;
         }
-        }
+        if (lessMana.colorless > moreMana.colorless) {
-        if (lessMana.getRed() > moreMana.getRed()) {
-            anyDiff = CardUtil.overflowDec(anyDiff, CardUtil.overflowDec(lessMana.getRed(), moreMana.getRed()));
-            if (anyDiff < 0) {
-                return null;
-            }
-        }
-        if (lessMana.getGreen() > moreMana.getGreen()) {
-            anyDiff = CardUtil.overflowDec(anyDiff, CardUtil.overflowDec(lessMana.getGreen(), moreMana.getGreen()));
-            if (anyDiff < 0) {
-                return null;
-            }
-        }
-        if (lessMana.getBlue() > moreMana.getBlue()) {
-            anyDiff = CardUtil.overflowDec(anyDiff, CardUtil.overflowDec(lessMana.getBlue(), moreMana.getBlue()));
-            if (anyDiff < 0) {
-                return null;
-            }
-        }
-        if (lessMana.getBlack() > moreMana.getBlack()) {
-            anyDiff = CardUtil.overflowDec(anyDiff, CardUtil.overflowDec(lessMana.getBlack(), moreMana.getBlack()));
-            if (anyDiff < 0) {
-                return null;
-            }
-        }
-        if (lessMana.getColorless() > moreMana.getColorless()) {
             return null; // Any (color) can't produce colorless mana
         }
-        if (lessMana.getAny() > moreMana.getAny()) {
+
+        int anyDiff = CardUtil.overflowDec(moreMana.any, lessMana.any);
+
+        int whiteDiff = CardUtil.overflowDec(lessMana.white, moreMana.white);
+        if (whiteDiff > 0) {
+            anyDiff = CardUtil.overflowDec(anyDiff, whiteDiff);
+            if (anyDiff < 0) {
                 return null;
             }
+        }
+
+        int redDiff = CardUtil.overflowDec(lessMana.red, moreMana.red);
+        if (redDiff > 0) {
+            anyDiff = CardUtil.overflowDec(anyDiff, redDiff);
+            if (anyDiff < 0) {
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        int greenDiff = CardUtil.overflowDec(lessMana.green, moreMana.green);
+        if (greenDiff > 0) {
+            anyDiff = CardUtil.overflowDec(anyDiff, greenDiff);
+            if (anyDiff < 0) {
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        int blueDiff = CardUtil.overflowDec(lessMana.blue, moreMana.blue);
+        if (blueDiff > 0) {
+            anyDiff = CardUtil.overflowDec(anyDiff, blueDiff);
+            if (anyDiff < 0) {
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        int blackDiff = CardUtil.overflowDec(lessMana.black, moreMana.black);
+        if (blackDiff > 0) {
+            anyDiff = CardUtil.overflowDec(anyDiff, blackDiff);
+            if (anyDiff < 0) {
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+
         return moreMana;
     }
 
@@ -1323,9 +1383,27 @@ public class Mana implements Comparable<Mana>, Serializable, Copyable<Mana> {
                 && any == mana.any;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Hardcoding here versus using Objects.hash in order to increase performance since this is
+     * called thousands of times by {@link mage.abilities.mana.ManaOptions#addManaWithCost(List, Game)}
+     *
+     * @return
+     */
     @Override
     public int hashCode() {
-        return Objects.hash(white, blue, black, red, green, generic, colorless, any, flag);
+        long result = 1;
+
+        result = 31 * result + white;
+        result = 31 * result + blue;
+        result = 31 * result + black;
+        result = 31 * result + red;
+        result = 31 * result + green;
+        result = 31 * result + generic;
+        result = 31 * result + colorless;
+        result = 31 * result + any;
+        result = 31 * result + (flag ? 1 : 0);
+
+        return Long.hashCode(result);
     }
 
     /**

Mage/src/main/java/mage/abilities/condition/Condition.java

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ public interface Condition extends Serializable {
     boolean apply(Game game, Ability source);
 
     default String getManaText() {
-        return "{" + this.getClass().getSimpleName() + "}";
+        return this.getClass().getSimpleName();
     }
 
     default boolean caresAboutManaColor() {

Mage/src/main/java/mage/abilities/effects/mana/AddManaInAnyCombinationEffect.java

@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ public class AddManaInAnyCombinationEffect extends ManaEffect {
 
                 allPossibleMana.addMana(currentPossibleMana);
             }
-            allPossibleMana.removeDuplicated();
+            allPossibleMana.removeFullyIncludedVariations();
             return new ArrayList<>(allPossibleMana);
 
         } else {

Mage/src/main/java/mage/abilities/keyword/ConvokeAbility.java

@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ public class ConvokeAbility extends SimpleStaticAbility implements AlternateMana
                     options.addMana(permMana);
                 });
 
-        options.removeDuplicated();
+        options.removeFullyIncludedVariations();
         return options;
     }
 }

Mage/src/main/java/mage/abilities/keyword/OfferingAbility.java

@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ public class OfferingAbility extends StaticAbility implements AlternateManaPayme
                         }
                 );
 
-        additionalManaOptionsForThisAbility.removeDuplicated();
+        additionalManaOptionsForThisAbility.removeFullyIncludedVariations();
         return additionalManaOptionsForThisAbility;
     }
 }

Mage/src/main/java/mage/abilities/mana/ManaOptions.java

@@ -3,11 +3,13 @@ package mage.abilities.mana;
 import mage.ConditionalMana;
 import mage.Mana;
 import mage.abilities.Ability;
+import mage.constants.ManaType;
 import mage.game.Game;
 import mage.game.events.GameEvent;
 import mage.game.events.ManaEvent;
 import mage.game.events.TappedForManaEvent;
 import mage.players.Player;
+import mage.util.TreeNode;
 import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
 
 import java.util.*;
@@ -19,10 +21,14 @@ import java.util.*;
  * be used to find all the ways to pay a mana cost or all the different mana
  * combinations available to a player
  * <p>
- * TODO: Conditional Mana is not supported yet. The mana adding removes the
+ * TODO: Conditional Mana is not supported yet.
- * condition of conditional mana
+ *       The mana adding removes the condition of conditional mana
+ * <p>
+ * A LinkedHashSet is used to get the performance benefits of automatic de-duplication of the Mana
+ * to avoid performance issues related with manual de-duplication (see https://github.com/magefree/mage/issues/7710).
+ *
  */
-public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
+public class ManaOptions extends LinkedHashSet<Mana> {
 
     private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(ManaOptions.class);
 
@@ -39,7 +45,10 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
         if (isEmpty()) {
             this.add(new Mana());
         }
-        if (!abilities.isEmpty()) {
+        if (abilities.isEmpty()) {
+            return; // Do nothing
+        }
+
         if (abilities.size() == 1) {
             //if there is only one mana option available add it to all the existing options
             List<Mana> netManas = abilities.get(0).getNetMana(game);
@@ -53,7 +62,7 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
 
         } else { // mana source has more than 1 ability
             //perform a union of all existing options and the new options
-                List<Mana> copy = copy();
+            List<Mana> copy = new ArrayList<>(this);
             this.clear();
             for (ActivatedManaAbilityImpl ability : abilities) {
                 for (Mana netMana : ability.getNetMana(game)) {
@@ -84,24 +93,20 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
         }
     }
 
-        forceManaDeduplication();
-    }
-
     private void addManaVariation(List<Mana> netManas, ActivatedManaAbilityImpl ability, Game game) {
-        List<Mana> copy = copy();
+        Mana newMana;
+
+        List<Mana> copy = new ArrayList<>(this);
         this.clear();
         for (Mana netMana : netManas) {
             for (Mana mana : copy) {
                 if (!ability.hasTapCost() || checkManaReplacementAndTriggeredMana(ability, game, netMana)) {
-                    Mana newMana = new Mana();
+                    newMana = mana.copy();
-                    newMana.add(mana);
                     newMana.add(netMana);
                     this.add(newMana);
                 }
             }
         }
-
-        forceManaDeduplication();
     }
 
     private static List<List<Mana>> getSimulatedTriggeredManaFromPlayer(Game game, Ability ability) {
@@ -138,8 +143,7 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
     }
 
     /**
-     * This adds the mana the abilities can produce to the possible mana
+     * This adds the mana the abilities can produce to the possible mana variation.
-     * variabtion.
      *
      * @param abilities
      * @param game
@@ -147,14 +151,13 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
      */
     public boolean addManaWithCost(List<ActivatedManaAbilityImpl> abilities, Game game) {
         boolean wasUsable = false;
-        int replaces = 0;
         if (isEmpty()) {
             this.add(new Mana()); // needed if this is the first available mana, otherwise looping over existing options woold not loop
         }
         if (!abilities.isEmpty()) {
             if (abilities.size() == 1) {
                 List<Mana> netManas = abilities.get(0).getNetMana(game);
-                if (netManas.size() > 0) { // ability can produce mana
+                if (!netManas.isEmpty()) { // ability can produce mana
                     ActivatedManaAbilityImpl ability = abilities.get(0);
                     // The ability has no mana costs
                     if (ability.getManaCosts().isEmpty()) { // No mana costs, so no mana to subtract from available
@@ -163,14 +166,13 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
                             addMana(netManas.get(0));
                             addTriggeredMana(game, ability);
                         } else {
-                            List<Mana> copy = copy();
+                            List<Mana> copy = new ArrayList<>(this);
                             this.clear();
                             for (Mana netMana : netManas) {
                                 checkManaReplacementAndTriggeredMana(ability, game, netMana);
                                 for (Mana triggeredManaVariation : getTriggeredManaVariations(game, ability, netMana)) {
                                     for (Mana mana : copy) {
-                                        Mana newMana = new Mana();
+                                        Mana newMana = new Mana(mana);
-                                        newMana.add(mana);
                                         newMana.add(triggeredManaVariation);
                                         this.add(newMana);
                                         wasUsable = true;
@@ -179,23 +181,22 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
                             }
                         }
                     } else {// The ability has mana costs
-                        List<Mana> copy = copy();
+                        List<Mana> copy = new ArrayList<>(this);
                         this.clear();
+                        Mana manaCosts = ability.getManaCosts().getMana();
                         for (Mana netMana : netManas) {
                             checkManaReplacementAndTriggeredMana(ability, game, netMana);
                             for (Mana triggeredManaVariation : getTriggeredManaVariations(game, ability, netMana)) {
-                                for (Mana prevMana : copy) {
+                                for (Mana startingMana : copy) {
-                                    Mana startingMana = prevMana.copy();
-                                    Mana manaCosts = ability.getManaCosts().getMana();
                                     if (startingMana.includesMana(manaCosts)) { // can pay the mana costs to use the ability
                                         if (!subtractCostAddMana(manaCosts, triggeredManaVariation, ability.getCosts().isEmpty(), startingMana, ability, game)) {
                                             // the starting mana includes mana parts that the increased mana does not include, so add starting mana also as an option
-                                            add(prevMana);
+                                            add(startingMana);
                                         }
                                         wasUsable = true;
                                     } else {
                                         // mana costs can't be paid so keep starting mana
-                                        add(prevMana);
+                                        add(startingMana);
                                     }
                                 }
                             }
@@ -204,7 +205,7 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
                 }
             } else {
                 //perform a union of all existing options and the new options
-                List<Mana> copy = copy();
+                List<Mana> copy = new ArrayList<>(this);
                 this.clear();
                 for (ActivatedManaAbilityImpl ability : abilities) {
                     List<Mana> netManas = ability.getNetMana(game);
@@ -213,8 +214,7 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
                             checkManaReplacementAndTriggeredMana(ability, game, netMana);
                             for (Mana triggeredManaVariation : getTriggeredManaVariations(game, ability, netMana)) {
                                 for (Mana mana : copy) {
-                                    Mana newMana = new Mana();
+                                    Mana newMana = new Mana(mana);
-                                    newMana.add(mana);
                                     newMana.add(triggeredManaVariation);
                                     this.add(newMana);
                                     wasUsable = true;
@@ -226,9 +226,9 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
                             checkManaReplacementAndTriggeredMana(ability, game, netMana);
                             for (Mana triggeredManaVariation : getTriggeredManaVariations(game, ability, netMana)) {
                                 for (Mana previousMana : copy) {
-                                    CombineWithExisting:
                                     for (Mana manaOption : ability.getManaCosts().getManaOptions()) {
                                         if (previousMana.includesMana(manaOption)) { // costs can be paid
+                                            // subtractCostAddMana has side effects on {this}. Do not add wasUsable to the if-statement above
                                             wasUsable |= subtractCostAddMana(manaOption, triggeredManaVariation, ability.getCosts().isEmpty(), previousMana, ability, game);
                                         }
                                     }
@@ -241,28 +241,30 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
             }
         }
 
-        if (this.size() > 30 || replaces > 30) {
+        if (logger.isTraceEnabled() && this.size() > 30) {
-            logger.trace("ManaOptionsCosts " + this.size() + " Ign:" + replaces + " => " + this.toString());
+            logger.trace("ManaOptionsCosts " + this.size());
             logger.trace("Abilities: " + abilities.toString());
         }
-        forceManaDeduplication();
 
         return wasUsable;
     }
 
     public boolean addManaPoolDependant(List<ActivatedManaAbilityImpl> abilities, Game game) {
+        if (abilities.isEmpty() || abilities.size() != 1) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
         boolean wasUsable = false;
-        if (!abilities.isEmpty()) {
-            if (abilities.size() == 1) {
         ActivatedManaAbilityImpl ability = (ActivatedManaAbilityImpl) abilities.get(0);
-                List<Mana> copy = copy();
-                this.clear();
-                for (Mana previousMana : copy) {
-                    Mana startingMana = previousMana.copy();
         Mana manaCosts = ability.getManaCosts().getMana();
-                    if (startingMana.includesMana(manaCosts)) { // can pay the mana costs to use the ability
+
+        Set<Mana> copy = copy();
+        this.clear();
+
+        for (Mana previousMana : copy) {
+            if (previousMana.includesMana(manaCosts)) { // can pay the mana costs to use the ability
                 for (Mana manaOption : ability.getManaCosts().getManaOptions()) {
-                            if (!subtractCostAddMana(manaOption, null, ability.getCosts().isEmpty(), startingMana, ability, game)) {
+                    if (!subtractCostAddMana(manaOption, null, ability.getCosts().isEmpty(), previousMana, ability, game)) {
                         // the starting mana includes mana parts that the increased mana does not include, so add starting mana also as an option
                         add(previousMana);
                     }
@@ -274,8 +276,6 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
             }
         }
 
-            }
-        }
         return wasUsable;
     }
 
@@ -311,20 +311,17 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
                 addMana(triggeredNetMana.get(0));
             } else if (triggeredNetMana.size() > 1) {
                 // Add variations
-                List<Mana> copy = copy();
+                List<Mana> copy = new ArrayList<>(this);
                 this.clear();
                 for (Mana triggeredMana : triggeredNetMana) {
                     for (Mana mana : copy) {
-                        Mana newMana = new Mana();
+                        Mana newMana = new Mana(mana);
-                        newMana.add(mana);
                         newMana.add(triggeredMana);
                         this.add(newMana);
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
-
-        forceManaDeduplication();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -337,7 +334,7 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
             this.add(new Mana());
         }
         if (addMana instanceof ConditionalMana) {
-            ManaOptions copy = this.copy();
+            List<Mana> copy = new ArrayList<>(this);
             this.clear();
             for (Mana mana : copy) {
                 ConditionalMana condMana = ((ConditionalMana) addMana).copy();
@@ -351,8 +348,6 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
                 mana.add(addMana);
             }
         }
-
-        forceManaDeduplication();
     }
 
     public void addMana(ManaOptions options) {
@@ -362,32 +357,20 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
         if (!options.isEmpty()) {
             if (options.size() == 1) {
                 //if there is only one mana option available add it to all the existing options
-                addMana(options.get(0));
+                addMana(options.getAtIndex(0));
             } else {
                 //perform a union of all existing options and the new options
-                List<Mana> copy = copy();
+                List<Mana> copy = new ArrayList<>(this);
                 this.clear();
                 for (Mana addMana : options) {
                     for (Mana mana : copy) {
-                        Mana newMana = new Mana();
+                        Mana newMana = new Mana(mana);
-                        newMana.add(mana);
                         newMana.add(addMana);
                         this.add(newMana);
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
-
-        forceManaDeduplication();
-    }
-
-    private void forceManaDeduplication() {
-        // memory overflow protection - force de-duplication on too much mana sources
-        // bug example: https://github.com/magefree/mage/issues/6938
-        // use it after new mana adding
-        if (this.size() > 1000) {
-            this.removeDuplicated();
-        }
     }
 
     public ManaOptions copy() {
@@ -406,62 +389,46 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
      * @param oldManaWasReplaced returns the info if the new complete mana does
      *                           replace the current mana completely
      */
-    private boolean subtractCostAddMana(Mana cost, Mana manaToAdd, boolean onlyManaCosts, Mana currentMana, ManaAbility manaAbility, Game game) {
+    private boolean subtractCostAddMana(Mana cost, Mana manaToAdd, boolean onlyManaCosts, final Mana currentMana, ManaAbility manaAbility, Game game) {
-        boolean oldManaWasReplaced = false; // true if the newly created mana includes all mana possibilities of the old
+        boolean oldManaWasReplaced = false; // True if the newly created mana includes all mana possibilities of the old
-        boolean repeatable = false;
+        boolean repeatable = manaToAdd != null  // TODO: re-write "only replace to any with mana costs only will be repeated if able"
-        if (manaToAdd != null && (manaToAdd.countColored() > 0 || manaToAdd.getAny() > 0) && manaToAdd.count() > 0 && onlyManaCosts) {
+                && onlyManaCosts
-            repeatable = true; // only replace to any with mana costs only will be repeated if able
+                && (manaToAdd.getAny() > 0 || manaToAdd.countColored() > 0)
-        }
+                && manaToAdd.count() > 0;
+        boolean newCombinations;
+
+        Mana newMana = new Mana();
+        Mana currentManaCopy = new Mana();
 
         for (Mana payCombination : ManaOptions.getPossiblePayCombinations(cost, currentMana)) {
-            Mana currentManaCopy = currentMana.copy(); // copy start mana because in iteration it will be updated
+            currentManaCopy.setToMana(currentMana); // copy start mana because in iteration it will be updated
-            while (currentManaCopy.includesMana(payCombination)) { // loop for multiple usage if possible
+            do { // loop for multiple usage if possible
-                boolean newCombinations = false;
+                newCombinations = false;
 
-                if (manaToAdd == null) {
+                newMana.setToMana(currentManaCopy);
-                    Mana newMana = currentManaCopy.copy();
                 newMana.subtract(payCombination);
-                    for (Mana mana : manaAbility.getNetMana(game, newMana)) { // get the mana to add from the ability related to the currently generated possible mana pool
+                // Get the mana to iterate over.
+                // If manaToAdd is specified add it, otherwise add the mana produced by the mana ability
+                List<Mana> manasToAdd = (manaToAdd != null) ? Collections.singletonList(manaToAdd) : manaAbility.getNetMana(game, newMana);
+                for (Mana mana : manasToAdd) {
                     newMana.add(mana);
-                        if (!isExistingManaCombination(newMana)) {
+                    if (this.contains(newMana)) {
-                            this.add(newMana); // add the new combination
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    this.add(newMana.copy()); // add the new combination
                     newCombinations = true; // repeat the while as long there are new combinations and usage is repeatable
 
-                            Mana moreValuable = Mana.getMoreValuableMana(currentManaCopy, newMana);
+                    if (newMana.isMoreValuableThan(currentManaCopy)) {
-                            if (newMana.equals(moreValuable)) {
-                                oldManaWasReplaced = true; // the new mana includes all possibilities of the old one, so no need to add it after return
-                                if (!currentMana.equalManaValue(currentManaCopy)) {
-                                    this.removeEqualMana(currentManaCopy);
-                                }
-                            }
-                            currentManaCopy = newMana.copy();
-                        }
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    Mana newMana = currentManaCopy.copy();
-                    newMana.subtract(payCombination);
-                    newMana.add(manaToAdd);
-                    if (!isExistingManaCombination(newMana)) {
-                        this.add(newMana); // add the new combination
-                        newCombinations = true; // repeat the while as long there are new combinations and usage is repeatable                            
-                        Mana moreValuable = Mana.getMoreValuableMana(currentManaCopy, newMana);
-                        if (newMana.equals(moreValuable)) {
                         oldManaWasReplaced = true; // the new mana includes all possible mana of the old one, so no need to add it after return
                         if (!currentMana.equalManaValue(currentManaCopy)) {
                             this.removeEqualMana(currentManaCopy);
                         }
                     }
-                        currentManaCopy = newMana.copy();
+                    currentManaCopy.setToMana(newMana);
                 }
+            } while (repeatable && newCombinations && currentManaCopy.includesMana(payCombination));
         }
-                if (!newCombinations || !repeatable) {
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-
-        }
-        forceManaDeduplication();
-
         return oldManaWasReplaced;
     }
 
@@ -470,86 +437,72 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
      * @param manaAvailable
      * @return
      */
-    public static List<Mana> getPossiblePayCombinations(Mana manaCost, Mana manaAvailable) {
+    public static Set<Mana> getPossiblePayCombinations(Mana manaCost, Mana manaAvailable) {
-        List<Mana> payCombinations = new ArrayList<>();
+        Set<Mana> payCombinations = new HashSet<>();
-        List<String> payCombinationsStrings = new ArrayList<>();
+
-        // handle fixed mana costs        
         Mana fixedMana = manaCost.copy();
+
+        // If there are no generic costs, then there is only one combination of colors available to pay for it.
+        // That combination is itself (fixedMana)
         if (manaCost.getGeneric() == 0) {
             payCombinations.add(fixedMana);
             return payCombinations;
         }
+
+        // Get the available mana left to pay for the cost after subtracting the non-generic parts of the cost from it
         fixedMana.setGeneric(0);
         Mana manaAfterFixedPayment = manaAvailable.copy();
         manaAfterFixedPayment.subtract(fixedMana);
 
         // handle generic mana costs
-        if (manaAvailable.countColored() > 0) {
+        if (manaAvailable.countColored() == 0) {
-
+            payCombinations.add(Mana.ColorlessMana(manaCost.getGeneric()));
+        } else {
+            ManaType[] manaTypes = ManaType.values(); // Do not move, here for optimization reasons.
+            Mana manaToPayFrom = new Mana();
             for (int i = 0; i < manaCost.getGeneric(); i++) {
-                List<Mana> existingManas = new ArrayList<>();
+                List<Mana> existingManas = new ArrayList<>(payCombinations.size());
                 if (i > 0) {
                     existingManas.addAll(payCombinations);
                     payCombinations.clear();
-                    payCombinationsStrings.clear();
                 } else {
                     existingManas.add(new Mana());
                 }
-                for (Mana existingMana : existingManas) {
-                    Mana manaToPayFrom = manaAfterFixedPayment.copy();
-                    manaToPayFrom.subtract(existingMana);
-                    String manaString = existingMana.toString();
 
-                    if (manaToPayFrom.getBlack() > 0 && !payCombinationsStrings.contains(manaString + Mana.BlackMana(1))) {
+                for (Mana existingMana : existingManas) {
-                        manaToPayFrom.subtract(Mana.BlackMana(1));
+                    manaToPayFrom.setToMana(manaAfterFixedPayment);
-                        ManaOptions.addManaCombination(Mana.BlackMana(1), existingMana, payCombinations, payCombinationsStrings);
+                    manaToPayFrom.subtract(existingMana);
+
+                    for (ManaType manaType : manaTypes) {
+                        existingMana.increase(manaType);
+                        if (manaToPayFrom.get(manaType) > 0 && !payCombinations.contains(existingMana)) {
+                            payCombinations.add(existingMana.copy());
+
+                            manaToPayFrom.decrease(manaType);
                         }
-                    if (manaToPayFrom.getBlue() > 0 && !payCombinationsStrings.contains(manaString + Mana.BlueMana(1).toString())) {
+                        existingMana.decrease(manaType);
-                        manaToPayFrom.subtract(Mana.BlueMana(1));
-                        ManaOptions.addManaCombination(Mana.BlueMana(1), existingMana, payCombinations, payCombinationsStrings);
-                    }
-                    if (manaToPayFrom.getGreen() > 0 && !payCombinationsStrings.contains(manaString + Mana.GreenMana(1).toString())) {
-                        manaToPayFrom.subtract(Mana.GreenMana(1));
-                        ManaOptions.addManaCombination(Mana.GreenMana(1), existingMana, payCombinations, payCombinationsStrings);
-                    }
-                    if (manaToPayFrom.getRed() > 0 && !payCombinationsStrings.contains(manaString + Mana.RedMana(1).toString())) {
-                        manaToPayFrom.subtract(Mana.RedMana(1));
-                        ManaOptions.addManaCombination(Mana.RedMana(1), existingMana, payCombinations, payCombinationsStrings);
-                    }
-                    if (manaToPayFrom.getWhite() > 0 && !payCombinationsStrings.contains(manaString + Mana.WhiteMana(1).toString())) {
-                        manaToPayFrom.subtract(Mana.WhiteMana(1));
-                        ManaOptions.addManaCombination(Mana.WhiteMana(1), existingMana, payCombinations, payCombinationsStrings);
-                    }
-                    if (manaToPayFrom.getColorless() > 0 && !payCombinationsStrings.contains(manaString + Mana.ColorlessMana(1).toString())) {
-                        manaToPayFrom.subtract(Mana.ColorlessMana(1));
-                        ManaOptions.addManaCombination(Mana.ColorlessMana(1), existingMana, payCombinations, payCombinationsStrings);
                     }
+
                     // Pay with any only needed if colored payment was not possible
-                    if (payCombinations.isEmpty() && manaToPayFrom.getAny() > 0 && !payCombinationsStrings.contains(manaString + Mana.AnyMana(1).toString())) {
+                    // NOTE: This isn't in the for loop since ManaType doesn't include ANY.
-                        manaToPayFrom.subtract(Mana.AnyMana(1));
+                    existingMana.increaseAny();
-                        ManaOptions.addManaCombination(Mana.AnyMana(1), existingMana, payCombinations, payCombinationsStrings);
+                    if (payCombinations.isEmpty() && manaToPayFrom.getAny() > 0) {
+                        payCombinations.add(existingMana.copy());
+
+                        manaToPayFrom.decreaseAny();
+                    }
+                    existingMana.decreaseAny();
                 }
             }
         }
-        } else {
+
-            payCombinations.add(Mana.ColorlessMana(manaCost.getGeneric()));
-        }
         for (Mana mana : payCombinations) {
             mana.add(fixedMana);
         }
+        // All mana values in here are of length 5
         return payCombinations;
     }
 
-    private boolean isExistingManaCombination(Mana newMana) {
-        for (Mana mana : this) {
-            Mana moreValuable = Mana.getMoreValuableMana(mana, newMana);
-            if (mana.equals(moreValuable)) {
-                return true;
-            }
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
-
     public boolean removeEqualMana(Mana manaToRemove) {
         boolean result = false;
         for (Iterator<Mana> iterator = this.iterator(); iterator.hasNext(); ) {
@@ -562,22 +515,20 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
         return result;
     }
 
-    public static void addManaCombination(Mana mana, Mana existingMana, List<Mana> payCombinations, List<String> payCombinationsStrings) {
+    /**
-        Mana newMana = existingMana.copy();
+     * Remove fully included variations.
-        newMana.add(mana);
+     * E.g. If both {R} and {R}{W} are in this, then {R} will be removed.
-        payCombinations.add(newMana);
+     */
-        payCombinationsStrings.add(newMana.toString());
+    public void removeFullyIncludedVariations() {
-    }
+        List<Mana> that = new ArrayList<>(this);
-
-    public void removeDuplicated() {
         Set<String> list = new HashSet<>();
 
         for (int i = this.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
             String s;
-            if (this.get(i) instanceof ConditionalMana) {
+            if (that.get(i) instanceof ConditionalMana) {
-                s = this.get(i).toString() + ((ConditionalMana) this.get(i)).getConditionString();
+                s = that.get(i).toString() + ((ConditionalMana) that.get(i)).getConditionString();
             } else {
-                s = this.get(i).toString();
+                s = that.get(i).toString();
             }
             if (s.isEmpty()) {
                 this.remove(i);
@@ -590,18 +541,19 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
         }
 
         // Remove fully included variations
-        // TODO: research too many manas and freeze (put 1 card to slow down, put 3 cards to freeze here)
-        //  battlefield:Human:Cascading Cataracts:1
         for (int i = this.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
             for (int ii = 0; ii < i; ii++) {
-                Mana moreValuable = Mana.getMoreValuableMana(this.get(i), this.get(ii));
+                Mana moreValuable = Mana.getMoreValuableMana(that.get(i), that.get(ii));
                 if (moreValuable != null) {
-                    this.get(ii).setToMana(moreValuable);
+                    that.get(ii).setToMana(moreValuable);
-                    this.remove(i);
+                    that.remove(i);
                     break;
                 }
             }
         }
+
+        this.clear();
+        this.addAll(that);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -648,4 +600,81 @@ public class ManaOptions extends ArrayList<Mana> {
             sb.append(',').append(' ');
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Utility function to get a Mana from ManaOptions at the specified position.
+     * Since the implementation uses a LinkedHashSet the ordering of the items is preserved.
+     *
+     * NOTE: Do not use in tight loops as performance of the lookup is much worse than
+     *       for ArrayList (the previous superclass of ManaOptions).
+     */
+    public Mana getAtIndex(int i) {
+       if (i < 0 || i >= this.size()) {
+           throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
+       }
+       Iterator<Mana> itr = this.iterator();
+       while(itr.hasNext()) {
+           if (i == 0) {
+               return itr.next();
+           } else {
+               itr.next(); // Ignore the value
+               i--;
+           }
+       }
+       return null; // Not sure how we'd ever get here, but leave just in case since IDE complains.
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * from: https://stackoverflow.com/a/35000727/7983747
+ * @author Gili Tzabari
+ */
+final class Comparators
+{
+    /**
+     * Verify that a comparator is transitive.
+     *
+     * @param <T>        the type being compared
+     * @param comparator the comparator to test
+     * @param elements   the elements to test against
+     * @throws AssertionError if the comparator is not transitive
+     */
+    public static <T> void verifyTransitivity(Comparator<T> comparator, Collection<T> elements) {
+        for (T first: elements) {
+            for (T second: elements) {
+                int result1 = comparator.compare(first, second);
+                int result2 = comparator.compare(second, first);
+                if (result1 != -result2 && !(result1 == 0 && result1 == result2)) {
+                    // Uncomment the following line to step through the failed case
+                    comparator.compare(first, second);
+                    comparator.compare(second, first);
+                    throw new AssertionError("compare(" + first + ", " + second + ") == " + result1 +
+                            " but swapping the parameters returns " + result2);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        for (T first: elements) {
+            for (T second: elements) {
+                int firstGreaterThanSecond = comparator.compare(first, second);
+                if (firstGreaterThanSecond <= 0)
+                    continue;
+                for (T third: elements) {
+                    int secondGreaterThanThird = comparator.compare(second, third);
+                    if (secondGreaterThanThird <= 0)
+                        continue;
+                    int firstGreaterThanThird = comparator.compare(first, third);
+                    if (firstGreaterThanThird <= 0) {
+                        // Uncomment the following line to step through the failed case
+                        comparator.compare(first, second);
+                        comparator.compare(second, third);
+                        comparator.compare(first, third);
+                        throw new AssertionError("compare(" + first + ", " + second + ") > 0, " +
+                                "compare(" + second + ", " + third + ") > 0, but compare(" + first + ", " + third + ") == " +
+                                firstGreaterThanThird);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    private Comparators() {}
 }

Mage/src/main/java/mage/abilities/mana/builder/ConditionalManaBuilder.java

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import mage.Mana;
 import mage.abilities.Ability;
 import mage.game.Game;
 
+import java.util.Objects;
+
 /**
  * @author noxx
  */
@@ -19,4 +21,22 @@ public abstract class ConditionalManaBuilder implements Builder<ConditionalMana>
     }
 
     public abstract String getRule();
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+        if (this == obj) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if (obj == null || this.getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return Objects.equals(this.mana, ((ConditionalManaBuilder) obj).mana);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(mana);
+    }
 }

Mage/src/main/java/mage/abilities/mana/conditional/ConditionalSpellManaBuilder.java

@@ -14,7 +14,9 @@ import mage.game.Game;
 import mage.game.command.Commander;
 import mage.game.stack.Spell;
 import mage.game.stack.StackObject;
+import sun.font.CreatedFontTracker;
 
+import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.UUID;
 
 /**
@@ -38,6 +40,20 @@ public class ConditionalSpellManaBuilder extends ConditionalManaBuilder {
     public String getRule() {
         return "Spend this mana only to cast " + filter.getMessage() + '.';
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(super.hashCode(), this.filter);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+        if (!super.equals(obj)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return Objects.equals(this.filter, ((ConditionalSpellManaBuilder) obj).filter);
+    }
 }
 
 class SpellCastConditionalMana extends ConditionalMana {

Mage/src/main/java/mage/players/PlayerImpl.java

@@ -3352,7 +3352,6 @@ public abstract class PlayerImpl implements Player, Serializable {
                     }
                     if (used) {
                         iterator.remove();
-                        availableMana.removeDuplicated();
                         anAbilityWasUsed = true;
                     }
                 }
@@ -3363,9 +3362,8 @@ public abstract class PlayerImpl implements Player, Serializable {
             }
         }
 
-        // remove duplicated variants (see ManaOptionsTest for info - when that rises)
+        availableMana.removeFullyIncludedVariations();
-        availableMana.removeDuplicated();
+        availableMana.remove(new Mana()); // Remove any empty mana that was left over from the way the code is written
-
         game.setCheckPlayableState(oldState);
         return availableMana;
     }

Mage/src/main/java/mage/util/CardUtil.java

@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ public final class CardUtil {
                 }
 
                 // ignore unknown mana
-                if (manaCost.getOptions().size() == 0) {
+                if (manaCost.getOptions().isEmpty()) {
                     continue;
                 }
 
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ public final class CardUtil {
                 }
 
                 // generic mana reduce
-                Mana mana = manaCost.getOptions().get(0);
+                Mana mana = manaCost.getOptions().getAtIndex(0);
                 int colorless = mana != null ? mana.getGeneric() : 0;
                 if (restToReduce != 0 && colorless > 0) {
                     if ((colorless - restToReduce) > 0) {
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ public final class CardUtil {
                 if (manaCost instanceof MonoHybridManaCost) {
                     // current implemention supports reduce from left to right hybrid cost without cost parts announce
                     MonoHybridManaCost mono = (MonoHybridManaCost) manaCost;
-                    int colorless = mono.getOptions().get(1).getGeneric();
+                    int colorless = mono.getOptions().getAtIndex(1).getGeneric();
                     if (restToReduce != 0 && colorless > 0) {
                         if ((colorless - restToReduce) > 0) {
                             // partly reduce
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ public final class CardUtil {
                 // add to existing cost
                 if (reduceCount != 0 && manaCost instanceof GenericManaCost) {
                     GenericManaCost gen = (GenericManaCost) manaCost;
-                    changedCost.put(manaCost, new GenericManaCost(gen.getOptions().get(0).getGeneric() + -reduceCount));
+                    changedCost.put(manaCost, new GenericManaCost(gen.getOptions().getAtIndex(0).getGeneric() + -reduceCount));
                     reduceCount = 0;
                     added = true;
                 } else {
@@ -708,9 +708,9 @@ public final class CardUtil {
     }
 
     private static int overflowResult(long value) {
-        if (value > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
+        if (value >= Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
             return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
-        } else if (value < Integer.MIN_VALUE) {
+        } else if (value <= Integer.MIN_VALUE) {
             return Integer.MIN_VALUE;
         } else {
             return (int) value;

Mage/src/test/java/mage/ManaTest.java

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package mage;
 
 import mage.abilities.SpellAbility;
 import mage.abilities.costs.mana.ManaCost;
+import mage.abilities.costs.mana.ManaCostImpl;
 import mage.abilities.costs.mana.ManaCostsImpl;
 import mage.constants.ColoredManaSymbol;
 import mage.constants.ManaType;
@@ -12,6 +13,9 @@ import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.rules.ExpectedException;
 
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+
 import static org.junit.Assert.*;
 
 
@@ -767,11 +771,11 @@ public class ManaTest {
 
     /**
      * Mana.needed is used by the AI to know how much mana it needs in order to be able to play a card.
+     *
+     * TODO: How should generic and any be handled?
      */
     @Test
-    public void should() {
+    public void manaNeededWorks() {
-        // TODO: How does it handle generic and any.
-        //       How *should* it handle them?
         testManaNeeded(
                 new Mana(ManaType.COLORLESS, 1), // Available
                 new Mana(ManaType.COLORLESS, 2), // Cost
@@ -794,6 +798,99 @@ public class ManaTest {
         );
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Test that {@link Mana#getMoreValuableMana(Mana, Mana)} works as intended.
+     * All calls to getMoreValuableMana are run twice, with the second time having the inputs flipped to make sure the same result is given.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void moreValuableManaTest() {
+        final Mana anyMana        = Mana.AnyMana(1);
+        final Mana genericMana    = Mana.GenericMana(1);
+        final Mana colorlessMana  = Mana.ColorlessMana(1);
+
+        final Mana whiteMana      = Mana.WhiteMana(1);
+        final Mana blueMana       = Mana.BlueMana(1);
+        final Mana blackMana      = Mana.BlackMana(1);
+        final Mana redMana        = Mana.RedMana(1);
+        final Mana greenMana      = Mana.GreenMana(1);
+
+        final List<Mana> coloredManas = Arrays.asList(whiteMana, blueMana, blackMana, redMana, greenMana);
+
+        // 1. A color of WUBURG is not more valuable than any other
+        for (Mana coloredMana1 : coloredManas) {
+            for (Mana coloredMana2 : coloredManas) {
+                assertNull(coloredMana1 + " and " + coloredMana2 + " should not be comparable.", Mana.getMoreValuableMana(coloredMana1, coloredMana2));
+                assertNull(coloredMana1 + " and " + coloredMana2 + " should not be comparable.", Mana.getMoreValuableMana(coloredMana2, coloredMana1));
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 2. Generic is less valuable than any other type of mana
+        final List<Mana> nonGenericManas = Arrays.asList(whiteMana, blueMana, blackMana, redMana, greenMana, colorlessMana);
+        for (Mana coloredMana : nonGenericManas) {
+            assertEquals(coloredMana, Mana.getMoreValuableMana(coloredMana, genericMana));
+            assertEquals(coloredMana, Mana.getMoreValuableMana(genericMana, coloredMana));
+        }
+        assertEquals(anyMana, Mana.getMoreValuableMana(genericMana, anyMana));
+        assertEquals(anyMana, Mana.getMoreValuableMana(anyMana, genericMana));
+
+        // 3. ANY mana is more valuable than generic or a specific color
+        for (Mana coloredMana : coloredManas) {
+            assertEquals(anyMana, Mana.getMoreValuableMana(coloredMana, anyMana));
+            assertEquals(anyMana, Mana.getMoreValuableMana(anyMana, coloredMana));
+        }
+
+        // 4. Colorless mana is not comparable with colored mana or ANY mana
+        for (Mana coloredMana : coloredManas) {
+            assertNull(Mana.getMoreValuableMana(colorlessMana, coloredMana));
+            assertNull(Mana.getMoreValuableMana(coloredMana, colorlessMana));
+        }
+        assertNull(Mana.getMoreValuableMana(anyMana, colorlessMana));
+        assertNull(Mana.getMoreValuableMana(colorlessMana, anyMana));
+
+        // 5. Mana is more valuable if it has more of any type of mana but not less of any type (other than generic)
+        final List<Mana> allManas = Arrays.asList(whiteMana, blueMana, blackMana, redMana, greenMana, colorlessMana, genericMana, anyMana);
+        for (Mana specificMana : nonGenericManas) {
+            for (Mana toAddMana : allManas) {
+                Mana manaToCompare = specificMana.copy();
+                manaToCompare.add(toAddMana);
+                manaToCompare.add(toAddMana);
+
+                assertEquals(manaToCompare, Mana.getMoreValuableMana(specificMana, manaToCompare));
+                assertEquals(manaToCompare, Mana.getMoreValuableMana(manaToCompare, specificMana));
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 6. Greater amount of mana but no less of any kind other than generic
+        final List<Mana> nonAnyManas = Arrays.asList(whiteMana, blueMana, blackMana, redMana, greenMana, colorlessMana, genericMana);
+        Mana manaBase = new ManaCostsImpl<>("{1}{W}{U}{B}{R}{G}{C}").getMana();
+        Mana manaToCompare = manaBase.copy();
+
+        // To avoid the copying that goes with it, manaToCompare is edited in place and always
+        // reset back to its base state at the end of each outer loop.
+        for (Mana manaToAddTwice : nonAnyManas) {
+            manaToCompare.add(manaToAddTwice);
+            manaToCompare.add(manaToAddTwice);
+            for (Mana manaToSubtract : nonAnyManas) {
+                manaToCompare.subtract(manaToSubtract);
+
+                if (manaToSubtract == genericMana || manaToSubtract == manaToAddTwice) {
+                    assertEquals(manaToCompare, Mana.getMoreValuableMana(manaBase, manaToCompare));
+                    assertEquals(manaToCompare, Mana.getMoreValuableMana(manaToCompare, manaBase));
+                } else if (manaToAddTwice == genericMana ){
+                    assertEquals(manaBase, Mana.getMoreValuableMana(manaBase, manaToCompare));
+                    assertEquals(manaBase, Mana.getMoreValuableMana(manaToCompare, manaBase));
+                } else {
+                    assertNull(Mana.getMoreValuableMana(manaBase, manaToCompare));
+                    assertNull(Mana.getMoreValuableMana(manaToCompare, manaBase));
+                }
+
+                manaToCompare.add(manaToSubtract);
+            }
+            manaToCompare.subtract(manaToAddTwice);
+            manaToCompare.subtract(manaToAddTwice);
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Checks if the mana needed calculations produces the expected needed mana amount.
      *